Greenhouse gas emissions intensity
To lower its emissions intensity, Suzano consistently invests in modernization initiatives such as enhancing industrial process efficiency, cutting fossil fuel use, reducing overall energy consumption, and acquiring more efficient equipment. The Decarbonization Working Group (WG) is key to speeding up Suzano’s climate efforts, fostering greater collaboration among departments, improving project technical and financial readiness, and aligning efforts to meet climate targets. The WG conducts regular, structured meetings that facilitate strategic coordination, sharing of lessons learned, and joint progress on initiatives. Moreover, this group is embedded within Suzano’s formal Climate Governance framework.
To learn more about these initiatives and projects, visit the indicators: “Climate Change at Suzano” and “GHG Emissions Management in Forestry, Industrial, and Logistics Operations.”
The following information is available in the tables below:
- Intensity of GHG emissions in tons of CO₂ equivalent per ton of product;
- Intensity of GHG emissions in tons of CO₂ equivalent per net revenue.
GHG emissions intensity, in tons of CO₂ equivalent per ton of product
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| tCO₂e/t | tCO₂e/t | tCO₂e/t | tCO₂e/t | |
|
Scopes 1 and 2¹ |
0.2111 |
0.2107 |
0.2046 |
0.1859 |
|
Scopes 1, 2 and 3² |
1.7241 |
1.7240 |
1.5985 |
1.6173 |
- Emissions intensity covers the gases carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). It accounts for Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, considering total pulp production (market pulp and paper pulp) and paper production (finished paper, fluff, and tissue).
- Emissions intensity includes the same gases—CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, and HFCs—and encompasses Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions. It also considers total pulp and paper production, including market pulp, paper pulp, finished paper, fluff, and tissue. Scope 3 categories measured are: purchased goods and services; fuel and energy-related activities not covered in Scopes 1 and 2; upstream transportation and distribution; downstream transportation and distribution; employee commuting; waste; air travel and business travel; processing of sold products; end-of-life treatment; and investments.
GHG emissions intensity in tons of CO₂ equivalent per net revenue¹
| 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| tCO₂e/R$ | tCO₂e/R$ | tCO₂e/R$ | tCO₂e/R$ | |
|
Scopes 1, 2 and 3² |
456,306.51 |
556,158.46 |
471,016.77 |
500,874.72 |
- Suzano’s consolidated net revenue is detailed in Note #28 of the ITR/DFP Financial Statements. For additional information, visit: https://ri.suzano.com.br/Portuguese/home/
- Emissions intensity accounts for gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). It includes Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions for Suzano Packaging and is expressed per billion BRL of net revenue. Scope 3 measured categories include: Purchased goods and services; fuel and energy-related activities not counted in Scopes 1 and 2; upstream transportation and distribution; downstream transportation and distribution; employee commuting; waste; air and business travel; processing of sold products; end-of-life treatment; and investments
Additional information
In 2025, Suzano saw a 9% drop in Scope 1 and 2 emissions intensity, down to 0.1859 tCO₂e per unit of product. This decrease demonstrates efficiency improvements, even amid a year with a notable production boost. The rise in industrial activity was driven by the commencement of operations at the Ribas do Rio Pardo unit in July 2024.
Although production increased, total Scope 1 and 2 emissions only rose by 1%. This slight growth was mainly due to increased fuel oil use at assets nearing their end of life and the full-year emissions from the Ribas do Rio Pardo plant being included. Energy transition projects, like switching from oil to natural gas in Imperatriz and starting the new biomass gasification plant in Ribas, were still in early stages and hadn't yet achieved their expected emission reductions.
Scope 2 emissions are still relatively low thanks to the company’s extensive renewable self-generation in Brazil. However, they increased somewhat with the addition of Suzano Packaging, mainly because of steam use at its U.S. operations. From 2024 onward, Suzano has started reporting Scope 2 emissions based on the location and purchase choice methodologies.
Total Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions in 2025 had an intensity of 1.6173 tCO₂e/t, mainly due to the inclusion of value chain emissions from the Ribas do Rio Pardo unit. The primary categories continue to be the processing of sold products and the processing of purchased goods and services.
The corporate inventory adheres to the Brazilian GHG Protocol Program, covering CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, and HFCs, utilizing emission factors and primary data whenever accessible. An independent third-party audits the inventory. In 2025, there were no major methodological shifts; the GWP was updated based on IPCC AR5, and Suzano Packaging’s operations continued to be consolidated.
Finally, Suzano’s climate targets received approval from the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) in 2025. These include absolute emission reductions for Scopes 1 and 2, along with an engagement target for Scope 3. A review to fully incorporate the new U.S. operations into these targets is expected soon.
To learn more about emissions data, visit the “Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions and Methodology” indicator. For net revenue indicators, visit this link. For additional details on mitigation initiatives, see the “Climate Change at Suzano” indicator.
Footnotes:
1. Suzano reports its GHG emissions based on operational control, offering a clear understanding of its impacts and responsibilities. This approach also facilitates setting targets and metrics with business units and applying mitigation strategies. Suzano utilizes the GHG Protocol methodology to calculate and disclose emissions for each subsidiary during the reporting year, independent of financial consolidation timing;
2. The base year for emissions has shifted from 2015, as per the Paris Agreement, to 2022 to align with the SBTi target set for June 2025. This change helps in assessing the impact of emission reduction initiatives across main operational areas and internal management and governance processes. It supports the approval of these projects and promotes integrating carbon considerations into the company’s decision-making;
3. The choice of quantification methods, data gathering, and emission factors follows the guidelines of the ABNT NBR ISO 14064-1 standard (ABNT, 2007). For preparing the 2025 base-year inventory, additional methodological references were also used:
The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard, published by the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) in 2004.
Guides, guidelines, and calculation tools from the Brazilian GHG Protocol Program (PBGHGP), provided by the Getulio Vargas Foundation (2023);
IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2006).
Calculation Tools for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Pulp and Paper Mills, by the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement (NCASI – 2005).
Following the principles for conducting GHG inventories, we prioritized measurement data and emission factors that best represent local conditions whenever possible. We aim to minimize assumptions and secondary data use, focusing primarily on data from our own operations. This approach helps us maintain an accurate and trustworthy record of the company’s decarbonization efforts. Additionally, the GHG emissions reported in the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory, registered publicly under the Brazilian GHG Protocol Program, are regularly audited by an independent third party.